A human movement is the synthesis of two kinds of muscles action | - kinetics, a part of the kinetic system or the movement. | | - Tonic, a part of the static or postural system. | | Every movement, in fact, can find its origin only taking start from a complex of static contractions | | that guarantee the maintenance of the initial and final posture. | | We can distinguish the movements as follow: | | - Associated - which are accompanied to the movement without helping it; | | - Reflex – made thanks to some internal or external feelings; | | - Co-ordinated – movements which are not accompanied by other movements but help them; | | - Wanted – movements determined by conscious acts of will;; | | - Automatic - they are wanted movement at first, but are excited with the repetition of it | | Actually, we can find the categories of movements: | | - Wanted - Automatic - Reflex |
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New born Phase
0 - 4 Months Breast-feeding Phase 4 - 18 Months First infancy 1 - 3 Years Second infancy 3 - 7 Years First scohlar age 7 -10 Years Second scohlar age 10 - 13 Years Puberty 13 - 15 Years Adolescence 15 - 18 Years First phase of adult age 18/20 - 30 Years Second phase of adult age 30 - 45/50 Years Third phase of adult age 50 - Years onward |
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First phase: Development of the raw co-ordination. | First of all there is a mental realisation of movement that leads to a raw representation of the motion: one has the optic image of the movement learnt from a verbal formulation and by practical demonstrations. It is possible to arrive to this starting condition excluding factors as tiredness, deconcentration and performance asking. |
Second phase: development of the fine co-ordination. | In this phase it is possible to reach a good performance executing the new movement in a closer way to the technical pattern. We are in the higher stage, in the co-ordinated fusion of the strength characterised, in its external image, by a course of the harmonic and concise movement. What it is predominant, is the known practise mixed to the methods which make a more precise representation of the movement. |
Third phase: stabilisation of the fine co-ordination and development of the possibilities of variation | Once reached the stage of the stabilisation of the fine co-ordination starts that of availability to the variation, in other words the capacity to use the movement in an efficient way also in difficult conditions. |
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CONTROL AND REGULATION OF THE MOTOR ACTIVITYWhat it’s meant for co-ordination of movements is the organisation of the motor executions according to an aim pre-ordered taking into account the internal and external forces, their variations of greatness and the liberty grades of the motor apparatus and the variations of situations. | The muscles, the sense-organs and the nervous system are at the morphological base of the co-ordination process. |
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